Diabetes is increasingly recognised as a condition that can affect not only the vascular system but also brain health and cognitive function. Subtle changes in memory, attention, executive function and processing speed may go unnoticed in routine clinical practice, yet can influence medication adherence, self-management and overall quality of life.

This session will provide a practical approach to identifying, evaluating and managing cognitive dysfunction in people with diabetes. The discussion will explore the relationship between chronic hyperglycaemia, hypoglycaemia, vascular risk factors and cognitive decline, along with how clinicians can recognise early warning signs and distinguish cognitive impairment from depression, delirium and other causes. The session will also focus on practical strategies to optimise diabetes management while accounting for a patient's cognitive function and ability to self-manage.