In a population-based study of 774,811 women, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was linked to a higher overall cancer risk. 

**Key Findings:**
- After propensity score matching, PCOS was associated with a 15.6% increased risk of all cancers (HR 1.156), with markedly elevated risks for uterine cancer (HR 4.963) and ovarian cancer (HR 1.774). 
- Younger women (20–29 years) with PCOS also showed a higher incidence of thyroid cancer (HR 1.20), while no association was found with breast cancer. 

These findings underscore PCOS as a significant risk factor for gynecologic and thyroid malignancies, highlighting the need for vigilant cancer surveillance, especially in younger women.

Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology | [Read Full Story](https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ijgo.70560?af=R)

PCOS and Cancer Risk: Elevated Uterine, Ovarian, and Thyroid Malignancy Associations

A nationwide study of 2,666 very preterm infants (24–31 weeks) found that early skin-to-skin contact (SSC) during the first week of life was linked to modest but significant cognitive benefits at age 5. 

Among survivors, SSC exposure was associated with higher full-scale IQ scores (+2.3 points) and increased odds of scoring above −1 SD (OR 1.33). 

SSC rates varied widely across neonatal units (5%–100%) and increased with gestational age. 

Findings suggest a neuroprotective role of early SSC in enhancing long-term cognition in preterm children, highlighting the need for consistent implementation and further evaluation of dose–response effects.

Source: The Lancet | [Read Full Story](https://www.thelancet.com/journals/eclinm/article/PIIS2589-5370%2825%2900461-4/fulltext?rss=yes)

Early Skin-to-Skin Contact Boosted Cognitive Outcomes in Preterm Children

A nationwide study of 4,147 atopic dermatitis (AD) patients and 41,000+ controls found a sevenfold higher risk of fibromyalgia in AD (HR 7.12). 

**Key Findings:**
- The association was strongest in patients <20 years (HR 13.59), followed by ages 20–59 (HR 6.31), and lowest in those >60 (HR 3.89). 
- Risk also rose with disease severity, with moderate-to-severe AD showing the highest likelihood (HR 7.72). 

These findings highlight a strong age- and severity-dependent link between AD and fibromyalgia, suggesting shared neuroinflammatory and immune pathways and underscoring the need for vigilance in younger and severely affected patients.

Source: IJDVL | [Read Full Story](https://ijdvl.com/increased-risk-of-fibromyalgia-in-patients-with-atopic-dermatitis-a-nationwide-longitudinal-study/)

Atopic Dermatitis Sharply Raises Fibromyalgia Risk, Especially in Youth

A meta-analysis of over 50 million pregnancies found that acute kidney injury (AKI) in pregnancy was strongly linked to severe maternal, renal, and cardiovascular complications. 

Women with AKI faced a 52-fold higher risk of adverse renal outcomes, a 23-fold increased risk of heart failure and stroke, and markedly greater odds of maternal death (OR 9.26) and ICU admission (OR 3.86). 

These findings highlight that AKI during pregnancy is not merely a transient event but a powerful predictor of long-term cardio-renal and maternal risks, underscoring the need for close monitoring and follow-up in this vulnerable population.

Source: BJOG | [Read Full Story](https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1471-0528.18352?af=R)

Pregnancy-Related AKI Tied to Severe Cardio-Renal Risks

In extremely preterm infants (22–27 weeks’ gestation), early postnatal fluid balance was a strong predictor of severe intraventricular hemorrhage (sIVH) and/or death within the first week. 

Adverse outcomes occurred in 21% of infants and were linked to lower weight change, higher fluid intake, elevated sodium, and positive fluid balance. 

Adding fluid balance measures improved predictive accuracy, increasing AUC from 0.75 to 0.80 in regression models and from 0.72 to 0.84 in machine learning models. 

Findings highlight the importance of close fluid monitoring to reduce early brain injury and mortality in this high-risk group.

Source: Springer Nature Link | [Read Full Story](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00467-025-06962-4)

Early Fluid Imbalance Tied to Brain Injury and Death in Preterm Infants

A population-based study of 132,000+ older adults found that higher albuminuria levels were independently linked to greater dementia risk, regardless of kidney function. Over a median of 3.9 years, 7% developed dementia. 

**Key Findings:**
- Compared with ACR <30 mg/g, those with ACR 30–299 mg/g had a 25% higher risk (HR 1.25) and those with ACR ≥300 mg/g a 37% higher risk (HR 1.37). 
- Elevated albuminuria was strongly associated with vascular, mixed, and unspecified dementia, but not Alzheimer’s disease. 

The findings suggest albuminuria as a kidney-brain biomarker that may help identify individuals at heightened risk and inform targeted dementia prevention strategies.

Source: Wiley Online Library | [Read Full Story](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/joim.70022?af=R)

Albuminuria Emerges as Independent Risk Factor for Dementia

A study of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (<1500 g) in the NICU found 16% developed acute kidney injury (AKI, with affected infants showing lower gestational age (25.3 vs. 28.9 weeks) and birth weight (760 g vs. 1060 g). 

AKI was associated with prolonged ventilation, vancomycin use, patent ductus arteriosus, necrotizing enterocolitis, and severe intraventricular hemorrhage. 

Multivariate analysis identified lower gestational age (OR = 0.70) and prolonged inotrope therapy ≥3 days (OR = 6.13) as independent risk factors. 

Findings highlight hypotension as a major driver, stressing the importance of close hemodynamic monitoring and early risk stratification in preterm infants.

Source: Wiley Online Library | [Read Full Story](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ped.70215?af=R)

Hypotension and Inotrope Use Drive AKI Risk in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

A large analysis of 559,000+ adults found that alcohol consumption increases dementia risk. 

**Key Findings:**
- While observational data suggested a U-shaped curve, with higher risk in non-drinkers and heavy drinkers (>40 drinks/week; HR = 1.41), Mendelian randomisation showed a monotonic relationship: each SD increase in alcohol intake raised dementia risk by 15% (OR = 1.15). 
- Alcohol use disorder further elevated the risk (OR = 1.16). 
- The apparent protective effect in light drinkers was likely due to declining intake in early dementia. 

Findings confirm no safe level of alcohol use, underscoring reduction as a key dementia prevention strategy.

Source: BMJ Journals | [Read Full Story](https://ebm.bmj.com/content/early/2025/09/16/bmjebm-2025-113913?rss=1)

Any Level of Alcohol Use Linked to Higher Dementia Risk

A nationwide study of 1.4 million parous women showed that those with gestational diabetes (GD, n=101,814) had substantially higher long-term cardiovascular risks. 

**Key Findings:**
- GD nearly doubled the risk of chronic hypertension (HR = 1.97) and increased overall CVD risk by 31% (HR = 1.31). 
- Elevated risks were noted for coronary heart disease (HR = 1.71), heart failure (HR = 1.41), and stroke (HR = 1.16), with associations emerging as early as 1 year postpartum. 

Women with recurrent GD had the greatest risks, highlighting GD as a critical early-life marker for long-term cardiovascular health.

Source: AHA|ASA Journals | [Read Full Story](https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/JAHA.125.041100?af=R)

Gestational Diabetes Raises Long-Term Heart Risk

A recent study found that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients face significantly elevated cardiovascular risks. 

Pooled analyses showed more than double the odds of cardiovascular disease in case-control/cross-sectional datasets (OR = 2.44) and a 44% increased risk in cohort datasets (RR = 1.44). 

Subgroup analyses confirmed heightened risks across ischemic heart disease, thromboembolic disease, and pulmonary hypertension, with increases ranging from 1.14- to 2.51-fold. 

These results highlight the need for systematic cardiovascular screening and proactive risk management in individuals with IPF.

Source: Frontiers | [Read Full Story](https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1653435/full)